MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study enrolled 44 patients with known or presumed skeletal changes of the hand associated with inflammatory rheumatic diseases. In the amorphous silicon X-ray flat panel detector, there are two main factors that affect DQE: the coating of the scintillator and the transistor that converts visible light into electrical signals. The advantages of digital radiography systems, based on a flat-panel detector as an instant image display, facilitation of work flow in the radiology department, and digital networking and archiving, are well in sight. 1040, 30 November 2016 | Medical Physics, Vol. MARTIN SPAHN;MICHAEL STROTZER;MARKUS VÖLK;STEFAN BÖHM;BERNHARD GEIGER;GERHARD HAHM;STEFAN FEUERBACH; From *Siemens AG, Medical Engineering, Angio, Fluoro, and Rad Systems Development, Forchheim, Germany, and the †Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. 114, No. Enter your email address below and we will send you the reset instructions. 1, European Journal of Radiology, Vol. 11, No. PURPOSE: To evaluate the imaging characteristics of an amorphous silicon flat-panel detector (FPD) for digital chest radiography. 35(4):260-266, APRIL 2000. 77, No. The measurement of DQE yielded a high value of 70% at zero spatial frequency. Subscribe now (individual subscription: $373.00), (This functionality works only for purchases made as a guest), Physics in Medicine & Biology, Vol. 3, 14 June 2006 | Journal of Digital Imaging, Vol. al flat-panel detector. 64, No. 533, No. the material which 'catches the X-rays', and converts them to either charge or lower energy photons. 227, No. 30, No. Chest radiographs can be acquired with a significantly lower patient radiation dose using an amorphous silicon flat-panel system than using an amorphous selenium flat-panel system, thereby producing images that are equal or even superior in quality to those of the amorphous selenium flat-panel detector system. Conventional images were compared with digital images acquired with equal dose (2.5 microGy) and with 50% dose reduction. 25, No. amorphous silicon flat-panel-detector radiography prior to the spatial frequency filtering to the storage-phosphor radiography, the visibility of the hilum, heart border and ribs on the flat-panel-detector radiography was sig-nificantly superior and the visibility of the thoracic spine was inferior to that on the storage-phosphor radiogra- The flat-panel detector furthermore has an MTF that is superior to that in regular screen-film systems and also provides a substantially larger dynamic range. 40, No. 39, No. If the address matches an existing account you will receive an email with instructions to reset your password. 18, No. During the last 35 years, thermal imaging has emerged as a critical enabling technology for modern warfare. Varex Imaging’s amorphous silicon-based detectors are the benchmark for radiography in industrial, medical and dental applications. On this page we describe photoconductors and compare them with phosphor screens, and discuss why we choose to … The scintillator consisted of a layer of structured cesium iodide. Both use TFTs. The active matrix size of 30002 pixels together with a pixel size of 143 μm provided a large image area of 43 × 43 cm2. 19, No. 41, No. Basic imaging characteristics of the FPD and associated image processing system were assessed on acquired images, including linearity, repeatability, uniformity of response, modulation transfer function (MTF), noise power spectrum, detective quantum efficiency (DQE), contrast sensitivity, and scatter content. Detection of small pulmonary nodules on chest radiographs: efficacy of dual-energy subtraction technique using flat-panel detector chest radiography, The influence of liquid crystal display monitors on observer performance for the detection of interstitial lung markings on both storage phosphor and flat-panel-detector chest radiography, Effects of dual-energy subtraction chest radiography on detection of small pulmonary nodules with varying attenuation: receiver operating characteristic analysis using a phantom study, Dual Energy Subtraction Digital Radiography Improves Performance of a Next Generation Computer-aided Detection Program, Application of QC_DR Software for Acceptance Testing and Routine Quality Control of Direct Digital Radiography Systems: Initial Experiences using the Italian Association of Physicist in Medicine Quality Control Protocol, Composite modulation transfer function evaluation of a cone beam computed tomography breast imaging system, Effective DQE (eDQE) and speed of digital radiographic systems: An experimental methodology, Imaging Performance with Different Doses in Skeletal Radiography: Comparison of a Needle-structured and a Conventional Storage Phosphor System with a Flat-Panel Detector1, Investigation of Imaging Properties of Digital Imaging Systems, Clinical assessment and characterization of a dual-tube kilovoltage X-ray localization system in the radiotherapy treatment room, Quantitative assessment of the influence of anatomic noise on the detection of subtle lung nodule in digital chest radiography using fractal-feature distance, Investigation of optimum X-ray beam tube voltage and filtration for chest radiography with a computed radiography system, Scatter rejection and low-contrast performance of a slot-scan digital chest radiography system with electronic aft-collimation: A chest phantom study, Dual Energy Subtraction and Temporal Subtraction Chest Radiography, Detectability of lung nodules using flat panel detector with dual energy subtraction by two shot method: Evaluation by ROC method, Rejection and redistribution of scattered radiation in scan equalization digital radiography (SEDR): Simulation with spot images, Assessment of Detective Quantum Efficiency: Intercomparison of a Recently Introduced International Standard with Prior Methods1, Advances in Digital Radiography: Physical Principles and System Overview1, A comparison of low contrast performance for amorphous Silicon/caesium iodide direct radiography with a computed radiography: A contrast detail phantom study, An Experimental Comparison of Flat-Panel Detector Performance for Direct and Indirect Systems (Initial Experiences and Physical Evaluation), A new method for an improved determination of continuous photon fluence spectra for X-ray tube voltages up to 150 kV, Dual Energy Subtraction Digital Radiography. Amorphous silicon (a-Si) has been under intense investigation for over a decade for use in low cost photovoltaic solar cells and more recently for use in electronic devices, displays, and imaging optical sensors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 41 × 41-cm digital FPD is constructed on a single monolithic glass substrate with a structured cesium iodide scintillator layer and an amorphous silicon thin-film transistor array for image readout. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was approved by the institutional ethics committee. m Amorphous silicon flat panel detectors accounted for the largest share in the global X-ray flat panel detectors market in 2018. Like a TFT-LCD display, millions of roughly 0.2 mm pixels each containing a thin-film transistor form a grid patterned in amorphous silicon on the glass substrate. 117, No. 4, European Journal of Radiology, Vol. 68, No. 226, No. 23, Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute, Vol. The result is non-cartridge design that provides for toner replenishment without replacing the entire unit. Directly behind the scintillator layer is an amorphous silicon detector array manufactured using a process very similar to that used to make LCD televisions and computer monitors. 185, No. Flat-Panel Silicon X-Ray Detector Versus Computed Radiography, Digital Radiography of the Chest: Detector Techniques and Performance Parameters, Digital Chest Radiography: Quality Assurance, Digital Chest Radiography: Practical Issues, On site evaluation of three flat panel detectors for digital radiography, Image quality in two phosphor-based flat panel digital radiographic detectors, Detection of Subtle Undisplaced Rib Fractures in a Porcine Model: Radiation Dose Requirement—Digital Flat-Panel versus Screen-Film and Storage-Phosphor Systems1, An experimental comparison of detector performance for direct and indirect digital radiography systems, Evaluation of a flat panel digital radiographic system for low-dose portable imaging of neonates, Quantitative evaluation of noise reduction strategies in dual-energy imaging, Chest Radiography: Optimization of X-ray Spectrum for Cesium Iodide–Amorphous Silicon Flat-Panel Detector1, Radiation Dose Reduction in Chest Radiography using a Flat-Panel Amorphous Silicon Detector, Detection of Simulated Chest Lesions by Using Soft-Copy Reading: Comparison of an Amorphous Silicon Flat-Panel–Detector System and a Storage-Phosphor System1, Characterization of a CCD-based digital x-ray imaging system for small-animal studies: properties of spatial resolution. 10, 14 March 2016 | Wireless Personal Communications, Vol. 2, The British Journal of Radiology, Vol. 10, Physics in Medicine & Biology, Vol. Flat panel detectors - describe both indirect amorphous silicon and the direct amorphous selenium plates used in some digital systems. 1, 1 May 2002 | Applied Optics, Vol. But material improvements and smaller pixels may see it move into the lead for the next generation of uncooled thermal imaging. 1, 26 March 2003 | Medical Physics, Vol. 3, 1 November 2005 | Radiology, Vol. 3, Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Vol. Fluorescence is transmitted through the needle crystal to the amorphous silicon … 31, No. The scintillator consisted of a layer of structured cesium iodide. The scintillator consisted of a layer of structured cesium iodide. 1-3, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. Address correspondence to H.G.C. 36, No. 21, No. Amorphous silicon, amorphous selenium, and complementary metal oxide semiconductor are the different types of flat panel detectors used for x-ray imaging. Amorphous silicon brings key advantages unmatched by other technologies, including: - radiation hardness > 1MRad - widest input energy range - immunity from single photon events in the substrate 6, 30 November 2016 | Medical Physics, Vol. The term "amorphous silica" is used here for the pure forms of SiO 2such as colloidal silica, precipitated silica, silica gel, pyrogenic silica, silica fume, quartz glass, fused silica and also the skeletons of Radiolaria and diatoms in the form of diatomaceous 1From the Department of Radiology, Digital Imaging Research Division, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3302, Room 139, Bryan Research Building, Durham, NC 27710 (all authors); and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC (C.E.F., R.J.W., J.T.D., A.H.B.). 40, No. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a large-area, flat-panel X-ray detector, which uses cesium-iodide (CsI) and amorphous silicon (a-Si). 22, Physics in Medicine & Biology, Vol. Silicon oxynitrides (SiOxNy) have many advantageous properties for modern ceramic applications that justify a development of their new and efficient preparation methods. RESULTS: Images obtained with the FPD demonstrated excellent uniformity, repeatability, and linearity, as well as MTF and DQE that were superior to those with the storage phosphor CR system. CONCLUSION: The FPD provides radiographic images with excellent inherent physical image quality. 52, No. 33, No. 11, 19 October 2016 | Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 31, No. 74, No. 1, American Journal of Roentgenology, Vol. 31, No. 28, No. To investigate the image quality of a digital radiography system with an amorphous-silicon, large-area, digital flat-panel detector. 250, No. 1, The British Journal of Radiology, Vol. 22, No. 915, 22 December 2003 | Medical Physics, Vol. The design and the performance of a 20 cm by 20 cm flat panel x-ray detector for digital radiography and fluoroscopy is described: Thin film amorphous silicon (aSi) technology has … During operation, the X – ray photon-excited scintillator has produced fluorescence, and the spectral range of the fluorescence is around 550 nm, which is the sensitivity peak of amorphous silicon. The active matrix size of 3000 2 pixels together with a pixel size of 143 μm provided a large image area of 43 × 43 cm 2 . 62, No. Investigative Radiology. Digital Amorphous Silicon Flat-Panel Detector Radiography Versus Conventional Film-Screen Radiography and Phosphor-Based Computed Radiography, Reducing the Radiation Dose During Excretory Urography: Digital Radiography with a Large-Area, Amorphous-Silicon, Flat-Panel X-Ray Detector System. ?ller-AO and Frykman Classification for Distal Radius Fractures, Contrast-detail analysis of three flat panel detectors for digital radiography, Intercomparison of methods for image quality characterization. 34, No. 35, No. 10, 30 November 2016 | Medical Physics, Vol. 32, No. 2, The British Journal of Radiology, Vol. 61, No. 6, 20 April 2004 | Medical Physics, Vol. 23, No. CHARLES HANSON. 53, No. 81, No. sensors Article Substrate and Passivation Techniques for Flexible Amorphous Silicon-Based X-ray Detectors Michael A. Marrs 1,* and Gregory B. Raupp 2 1 Flexible Electronics and Display Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85284, USA 2 School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA; raupp@asu.edu * Correspondence: … 2, 21 June 2005 | Medical Physics, Vol. 36, No. 3, Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Vol. 4, 17 January 2003 | Medical Physics, Vol. 56, No. Comparison of Different Radiography Systems in an Experimental Study for Detection of Forearm Fractures and Evaluation of the M? 7, 13 January 2008 | Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, Vol. 7, 1 April 2003 | Radiology, Vol. 4, Japanese Journal of Radiological Technology, Vol. 2, European Journal of Radiology, Vol. Flat Panel History 1985 to 90 – Theoretical studies and early research-Xerox PARC, Varian, GE, Thomson, Philips, U. Mich. etc. 6Part1, Journal of Thoracic Imaging, Vol. Today’s sharing is here first. At a system dose equivalent to 400 speed, the DQE of the digital system was a factor of two larger than the DQE of a storage phosphor or screen-film system within the entire spatial frequency range between zero and the Nyquist limit of 3.5 line pairs per millimeter. METHODS. 65, No. Amorphous silicon appears to be an attractive material for making two dimensional, position sensitive x-ray and particle detectors. 4, Journal of Thoracic Imaging, Vol. While a-Si suffers from lower electronic performance compared to c-Si, it is much more flexible in its applications. 4, Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment, Vol. These detectors were originally designed for radiography and uoroscopy, but because of their compactness, exibility, low spatial distortion, and relative low-cost, Amorphous silicon photoreceptor drum has changed the idea about a photoreceptor; from a consumable component to a long life unit having a service life equivalent to that of the machine in which it is used. 64, No. 33, No. An amorphous silicon linear sensor originally manufactured for facsimile has been applied to imaging systems for industrial nondestructive testing and radiography. PURPOSE: To compare image quality and estimated dose for chest radiographs obtained by using a cesium iodide–amorphous silicon flat-panel detector at fixed tube voltage and detector entrance dose with and without additional 0.3-mm copper filtration. 12, Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Vol. 65, No. 11, 24 November 2016 | Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 7, 1 May 2007 | RadioGraphics, Vol. Amorphous silicon image sensor technology provides the opportunity to have large format size similar to x-ray film, high resolution, and a compact package for ease of use in NDE applications. One such device, a large-area, flat-panel, amorphous silicon imaging array, has been developed and is currently being tested. 64, No. 4, 4 July 2006 | Radiation Protection Dosimetry, Vol. Checking for direct PDF access through Ovid. The contrast and scatter content of images acquired with the FPD were equivalent to those acquired with the storage phosphor system. PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION OF AMORPHOUS SILICON DIGITAL DETECTOR ARRAYS FOR GAMMA RADIOGRAPHY Rajashekar Venkatachalam 1, Manoharan V1, Raghu C , Venumadhav Vedula1, Debasish Mishra2 1 GE- lob aR esea rch C nt , B g I dia 2 GE- lob aR e sea rch C nt , Ni ky u U.S.A Abstract This paper reports the performance characteristics of a-Si detectors with Ir-192 gamma source. 1, 3 September 2008 | Journal of Digital Imaging, Vol. 1, 1 May 2010 | Japanese Journal of Radiology, Vol. X-ray images can be measured by scanning of a single linear sensor with a Gd 2 O 2 S phosphor sheet set on a sliding stage. Invest Radiol 2000;35:260–266. 10, 1 February 2011 | Physics in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 3, Journal of Vascular Surgery, Vol. 234, No. 45, No. In this study, the low-contrast performance of an amorphous silicon/cesium iodide (aSi/Csl)-based flat-panel digital chest radiography … For example, a-Si layers can be made thinner than c-Si, which may produce savings on silicon material cost. 237, No. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 41 × 41-cm digital FPD is constructed on a single monolithic glass substrate with a structured cesium iodide scintillator layer and an amorphous silicon thin-film transistor array for image readout. And as of October 2017, we had an installation base of 170,000 flat panel detectors. Amorphous-silicon bolometer technology has always lagged somewhat in performance. 4, 22 July 2006 | Pediatric Radiology, Vol. 33, No. II. Digital radiography with a large-area, amorphous-silicon, flat-panel x-ray detector system. 89, No. The amorphous silicon flat-panel detector radiography system allowed an important and significant reduction in both entrance skin dose and effective dose compared with the film-screen radiography (× 2.7 decrease) or computed radiography (× 1.7 decrease) system. Last Modified Date: December 27, 2020. 27, No. 2-D x-ray uoroscopy. Flat-panel detectors: how much better are they? 2, 30 November 2016 | Medical Physics, Vol. Flat-panel (FP) based digital radiography systems have recently been introduced as a new and improved digital radiography technology; it is important to evaluate and compare this new technology with currently widely used conventional screen/film (SF) and computed radiography (CR) techniques. Noise power spectruma), Imaging properties of digital magnification radiography, Image Quality and Detection Performance of a Direct Digital Radiography System, Experimental Evaluation of a Portable Indirect Flat-Panel Detector for the Pediatric Chest: Comparison with Storage Phosphor Radiography at Different Exposures by Using a Chest Phantom1, Chest Radiography with a Flat-Panel Detector: Image Quality with Dose Reduction after Copper Filtration1, Portable Flat-Panel Detector for Low-Dose Imaging in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Comparison of Eight Different Digital Chest Radiography Systems: Variation in Detection of Simulated Chest Disease, Measurement of the detective quantum efficiency in digital detectors consistent with the IEC 62220-1 standard: Practical considerations regarding the choice of filter material, Comparative Scatter and Dose Performance of Slot-Scan and Full-Field Digital Chest Radiography Systems1, Computed Radiography and Direct Radiography, Chest Radiography with a Digital Flat-Panel Detector: Experimental Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis1, Physical characteristics of a full-field digital mammography system, Fundamental imaging characteristics of a slot-scan digital chest radiographic system, Solid-state fluoroscopic imager for high-resolution angiography: Physical characteristics of an 8 cm×8 cm experimental prototype, Evaluation of the imaging properties of an amorphous selenium-based flat panel detector for digital fluoroscopy, Digital Slot-Scan Charge-coupled Device Radiography versus AMBER and Bucky Screen-Film Radiography for Detection of Simulated Nodules and Interstitial Disease in a Chest Phantom1, Evaluation of the use of six diagnostic X-ray spectra computer codes, a−Si:H/CsI(Tl) flat-panel versus computed radiography for chest imaging applications: image quality metrics measurement, Lumbar Spine Radiography: Digital Flat-Panel Detector versus Screen-Film and Storage-Phosphor Systems in Monkeys as a Pediatric Model1, Dose Reduction in Patients Undergoing Chest Imaging: Emerged as a critical enabling technology for modern warfare ) system, Vol study enrolled 44 with! 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